Maksim Gorkij

Maxim Gorky (pseudonym of Alexei Maximovich Peshkov) was born in 1868 in Nizhny Novgorod. From 1875 to 1893, he worked in various professions, gaining extensive experience with people and life, which he utilized in his early writings. He made his literary debut with the novella "Makar Chudra" in 1892. This was followed by works such as "Old Izergil," "Chelkash," "Twenty-Six Men and a Girl," "Varenka Olesova," "Foma Gordeyev," "My Childhood," "My Universities," and others. Between 1907 and 1908, his novel "Mother" was published, which also served as the basis for the screenplay of the classic Soviet film of the same name. His international acclaim was further solidified by his subsequent plays. Notable works include "The Lower Depths," "The Petty Bourgeois," "Enemies," "The Zykovs," among others. His arrest during the 1905 revolution sparked a wave of protests worldwide. After his release, he settled in Capri, Italy. In 1921, he left Russia to live in Germany and Sorrento, Italy, before returning permanently to the Soviet Union in 1928. He established himself as a pioneer of the new Soviet literature and passed away in Moscow in 1936.