Stuart Hall

Stuart Hall (Kingston, Jamaica, 1932 - London, 2014), a sociologist and political activist, was one of the founders of British cultural theory, known as the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies, along with Richard Hoggart and Raymond Williams. In the 1950s, he founded the "New Left Review" and, upon Hoggart's invitation, worked at the University of Birmingham's Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, where he later served as director. During his tenure at the Centre, he expanded the scope of cultural studies to include racial issues and the study of gender (social). He also contributed to the inclusion of the works of significant French theorists, such as Michel Foucault, among others. His most well-known books include "The Popular Arts" (1964), "Deviancy, Politics and the Media" (1971), "Situating Marx: Evaluations and Departures" (with P. Walton, 1972), "Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse" (1973), "Resistance Through Rituals, Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain" (1976), "The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left" (1988), "Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices" (1997), as well as posthumously published collections "Cultural Studies 1983: A Theoretical History" (2016) and "Selected Political Writings: The Great Moving Right Show and Other Essays" (2017).