Robert Service

Robert Service is an Emeritus Professor of Russian History at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of the British Academy. His research interests focus on Russian history from the 19th century to the present. He has written extensively on Russia, the Soviet Union, the Russian Revolution, as well as the biographies of Lenin, Stalin, Trotsky, and Nicholas II. His major books include: "A History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-First Century" (2015), "The End of the Cold War, 1985-1991" (2015), "Spies and Commissars" (2011), "Comrades: Communism: A World History" (2007).