The stance taken by communist Bulgaria on the Macedonian Question, after the break between Tito and Stalin, was shaped under the influence of many and varied factors.

Determining factors for its formation included the ideological complex created in communist parties by the Communist International with the position it adopted for a 'Macedonian nation' back in 1934, the need to address decisively the territorial claims raised by the People's Federative Republic of Macedonia with the assistance of Belgrade over the Bulgarian part of Macedonia, the recognition or challenge of the existence of a 'Macedonian minority' in Bulgaria, as well as the fluctuation of diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia.

The policy of the Bulgarian Communist Party after 1948 focused on a difficult effort to reconcile the ideological legacy of 'Macedonianism' with Bulgarian national interests: maintaining Bulgaria's territorial integrity, neutralizing the position on the existence of a 'Macedonian minority' in the Bulgarian part of Macedonia by emphasizing the close relationships between Bulgarians and 'Macedonians', ultimately denying the existence of a 'Macedonian minority' in Bulgaria, and challenging the historicity of the 'Macedonian nation'.

The Bulgarian stance on the Macedonian issue went through vacillations and contradictions, depending on the course of Soviet-Yugoslav relations, until it finally crystallized in 1963.