The provisions of the 44th Book of the Pandects refer to the plea of res judicata. S. Chaidinis presents a modern, critical, and annotated translation of them, based on the unique translation into Greek by H. Liakopoulos.

Relevant provisions from the Royal Laws are also cited and compared to those of the Pandects. Knowledge of these provisions is not only of historical or "literary" interest but also useful for many other reasons.

The main reason is that the historical legislators of the current Code of Civil Procedure –particularly George Rammos, the rapporteur of the relevant chapter– declared that the Code, in most of its provisions regarding res judicata, would not differ from those already in force based on the Civil Procedure of 1834 and Byzantine-Roman law.

These provisions significantly shaped the modern understanding of res judicata, and in their case studies, we recognize many of the examples on which we still base our procedural thinking today. This book answers the question: what were these provisions and what did they foresee?