The political theory of liberalism has shown since the mid-19th century that the freedom of the citizen, for which revolutions were fought, has transformed into the famous freedom of the market, which produces inequality and injustice.
In this sense, as the generated wealth accumulates at one pole, the misery at the other pole enlarges, creating a deep social gap that leads to a structural crisis.
However, the evolution of liberalism leads to the developmental and welfare state, which, overcoming its crises in the last decades of the 20th century, transforms into neo-liberalism.
The political theory of tested socialism, in its seventy-plus years of existence, has proven to be far from its grand objectives. While the means of production were not left to the ownership of private individuals, as in capitalism, after the October Revolution, they created new social classes instead of eliminating them.
On the political scene, the true socialist concept of democracy was distorted, despite the repeated Leninist saying 'all power to the committees.' The participation of the working population in either the unions or the committees was limited to a few specialists.
The creation of a new political theory of democratic socialism that could target humanity and its development, safeguarding its participation and democratic processes, not only seemed possible during the third decade of the last century but continues to be both a burning desire and an ongoing goal, as well as a necessity among the working classes on an international level.
[Excerpt from the text on the back cover of the edition]
