The three-volume History of Sexuality (The Will to Knowledge, The Use of Pleasures, The Care of the Self) extends the inquiries of the books The Archaeology of Knowledge and Discipline and Punish.

In the third volume, Foucault takes us on a journey to the golden age of Rome, revealing a subtle yet decisive shift in the perspective of sexual pleasure in relation to ancient Greece. Through the analysis of texts on the interpretation of dreams, medicine, and philosophy, such as those by Artemidorus, Galen, Plutarch, and Pseudo-Lucian, Foucault traces the changes occurring during this period, which bring us closer to the upcoming defining corresponding notions of Christianity.

The French philosopher observes that sexual practice is being disconnected from its close relationship with the political sphere, a connection that characterizes ancient Greek beliefs regarding sexuality, without overlooking the significance of collective beliefs for the choices of sexual practices, as the individual continues to be influenced by them.

Although he discerns that sexuality is not yet a source of evil, Foucault identifies the intense anxiety caused by the regulation of the body and carnal pleasures. He also notes the elevation of the marital bond and the position of women within it, as well as the devaluation of love towards boys.

He describes the formation of a new sexual morality which, through temperance and self-control, focuses on the care of the self, meaning the development of personality and an art of living suitable for an individual capable of bearing political responsibilities within the City.

[Excerpt from the text on the back cover of the edition]