With the volume "Aristophanes - Menander," the publishing house completes in this series the dramatic poetry of ancient Greek literature. Following the three great tragic poets (Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides), this volume presents two great comic poets (they are the only ones from whom some of the many works they wrote have survived).

Aristophanes is the only comic playwright of whom many works have survived. He represents the so-called "old comedy," as classified by Alexandrian "grammarians" during the Hellenistic period, who divided this literary genre into old, middle, and new comedy. The "old" phase is characterized by its political essence, which means its close connection to the political and social current events, with a strong commentary on the conditions of the overall life of the city.

Menander represents the so-called "new comedy," with very few of his works preserved (and these are not entirely complete), while no works from the "middle" phase of comedy have survived. Following the "old" phase of comedy, its "political" essence weakens, as does its interest in political and social current events. However, the works from this phase are not "out of place and time"; on the contrary, they reflect social situations and teach, laying the foundation for the cultivation of the comic genre in literature by Latin poets, such as Terence and Plautus.

The volume, a synthetic work by the philologist Theodoros G. Mauropoulos, contains a general introduction to dramatic poetry and the works of the two comic playwrights, extensive summaries for each work, translations, commentary, analysis, and themes - questions for further discussion.