Kos, located at the southeastern tip of the Aegean Sea, is the third-largest island in the Dodecanese with an area of 290 square kilometers. As part of the Aegean and due to its varied geomorphology, it attracted the interest of many researchers as early as the 19th century, who focused primarily on the geology, volcanic activities, paleontology, and fossils of the island.

Kos became known as the home of Hippocrates, who, in the 5th century BC, elevated the practice of medicine based on the principles of knowledge and logic to a science. As a descendant of the "Asklepiads," the physicians who were directly descended from the mythical Asclepius, and especially through his founding of the medical school, he significantly contributed to the fame of Asclepius, which was one of the most renowned "medical centers" in Greece.

Numerous archaeological sites and monuments enchant lovers of antiquity. Early Christian basilicas, Byzantine churches, medieval castles, and majestic Italian buildings from the 20th century fascinate visitors interested in exploring history through its vibrant remnants.

Picturesque mountain villages with impressive folk historical backgrounds, coastal settlements, clean beaches, as well as cosmopolitan and lively holiday resorts make Kos one of the most enticing tourist hideaways.