Thucydides, one of the greatest historians, was the first to view history as a science and subjected the events that formed the basis of his narrative to rigorous critical examination, constantly seeking the truth.

He excluded myth and the intervention of divine powers from history. His aim was to gather conclusions of everlasting value, "a possession for all time rather than a competition for the moment." He was aware of the difficulties in verifying even the events of his contemporaries, which everyone sees according to their sympathies, memory, and ability to obtain accurate information.

On the other hand, his remarkable depth of analysis in his "Archaiologia" (A2-19) showed that with logic and technological changes, a conscientious and perceptive historian could reconstruct a very ancient era for which there are no written testimonies.

The findings of Thucydides' analyses, particularly explored within his famous "speeches," which constitute almost a quarter of his entire work, suggest that wars, especially civil and fratricidal wars, as well as other events similar to wars, such as the great plague of Athens, worsen human behavior, which, by nature, tends towards evil.

Thucydides appears as a cold and pessimistic researcher. And this is what he intended to "signal" to later generations. This is the main theme of his "message."

Eleftherios Venizelos, who translated the entire work of Thucydides, said that Thucydides' History provides answers to all the problems presented even today to the protagonists of political life, despite the enormous changes in technology, warfare, space, and the scale of opposing forces.