With a milestone of 1769, the year of the first "destruction" of Moschopolis, the Vlachs begin their most assured "Diaspora" from the South to the North. Large or smaller groups leave their metropolitan area in the backbone of Pindus, towards the horizon of the Balkans and even further. They flood the Macedonian lands, creating new settlements in the mountains and communities in the developing states. They reach the slopes of Rhodope, Western Haemus, and the states of Bulgaria. They establish themselves in the cities of Kosovo and Serbia. They cross the Danube and Sava and strengthen the Greek Orthodox communities in the territories of the Habsburgs and the Danubian Principalities. The narration and depiction of the dense Vlach Diaspora demonstrate the fact that Greece itself is the undisputed "Metropolis of the Vlachs."

The research comes to debunk many myths. It highlights the fact that in more recent times, the Vlachs were not a marginal group of traditional mountain nomadic shepherds. Although their connection to animal husbandry has its roots in the Middle Ages, the nomadic shepherd Vlachs constituted only one part of their mosaic. From the early 17th century, as the Vlach populations began to gradually make their presence felt in the Balkan realm, they appeared both as traditional mountain nomadic shepherds and consequently as capable warriors (armatoi and klephts), as well as urban merchants (tradespeople, professionals, and intermediaries), and consequently as carriers of economic and intellectual activity. Through these pages, it becomes clear that the recent historical past of the Vlachs was the most significant and the most decisive for their identity.