Byzantium played a creative role in the field of artistic expression, particularly in painting, which took precedence over monumental relief sculpture, as the latter was closely associated with the pagan world. Byzantine art is distinguished by its originality and can be compared to ancient Greek art.

Moreover, despite its transcendent character, it continues the human-centered tradition of ancient Greek art, as the human form serves as the focal point in the composition of Byzantine works. In this book, we primarily follow the evolution of the representation of the human form.

Although it is believed that Byzantine art remains unchanged throughout its long life, we find that, influenced by certain political and economic conditions, the forms undergo transformation. At times monumental and serene, they acquire ancient beauty, as a classical trend is followed, drawing its models from the Greco-Roman tradition, thus creating what are known as "revivals"; at other times, they appear ethereal and expressionistic, in accordance with another prevailing trend in Byzantine art, which consciously distances itself from classical tradition.

The study also extends to the representation of space, which is shaped in such a way as to highlight the two-dimensional and supernatural character of Byzantine art. The handling of light and color, which are glorified in Byzantium, equally contributes to the rendering of a spiritual and transcendent "reality."

The ultimate goal of analyzing these elements is to trace through the images the Byzantine society, its ideology, and generally its worldview, which was primarily theocentric but also incorporated humanistic characteristics, although these remained superficial and therefore did not significantly affect the conservative Byzantine structures.