This book was written to meet the educational needs of students, learners, trainers, and educators in the Art of Hairdressing.

It was created to help each of us not only during our studies or teaching engagements related to the subject of Hairdressing but also for future reference at any point in time.

During the writing of this book, an effort was made to present indicative but clearly not limited answers in the simplest and most understandable way for the benefit of all.

The indicative answers reflect the contemporary practical applications of the specialty and the profession in general.

The encouragement from colleagues as well as from apprentices who are future professionals in the Art of Hairdressing was significant in the writing of this book.