The famous dialogue "On Justice," the blueprint for organizing the ideal community of law and education, the exposition of the political and ethical principles of the philosopher. Books VII, VIII. The Allegory of the Cave. Special references to education. The constitutions, their deviant forms. Correspondingly, the decline of the state. Tyranny, the heaviest ailment of the city.

Plato was born in 427 BC, a scion of a prominent Athenian family. He received an excellent education and was acquainted with the Greek philosophical currents. However, what decisively shaped his moral and spiritual being was Socrates, with his life, philosophy, and death.

The great philosopher was the reason young Plato turned to philosophy, and the Socratic conceptual framework became the basis for the later development of Plato's Theory of Ideas. Plato profoundly interpreted Socrates as a man and teacher and captured his personality in many of his works.

He traveled to Egypt, Cyrene, and Great Greece, where he attempted, unsuccessfully, to apply his political principles in the organization of the Greek cities of Sicily. In 387 BC, he founded the Academy in Athens, a renowned center of philosophy and the Muses, which lasted nearly ten centuries, until the times of Justinian.

Plato devoted himself until his death (348 BC) to teaching and writing. His works, all of which have survived, were classified by Thrasyllus into nine tetralogies. Almost all belong to the genre of dialogue, with which Plato emerged not only as a leading philosopher but also as a true poet.

His teaching derives from the doctrines of Greek thought, Orphism, Pythagorean and Ionian philosophy, and of course, the Socratic discourse, ultimately taking shape as Plato's personal creation in a colossal philosophical system.

His philosophy - ethical, ontological, political - is the foundation of world Idealism and perhaps influenced the thought of all eras more than anyone else.