The problem of free will and evil, particularly the famous problem of theodicy, has always concerned humanity, along with the philosophies and religions of the peoples of the earth. This problem has become fundamental, especially for the Islamic religion and theology, because the opposition it raises between God and the world, between man and God is significant.

Man is the servant of God, and God is the absolute Lord, who directs the fates of man as He sees fit. As a result, the doctrine of predestination developed quite early in Islam, which deviated towards fatalism. The problem of human freedom engaged Islam based on the paradigms it drew from the major discussions of Christian theology on the same subject.

It goes without saying that Muslim theologians and intellectuals developed these topics from their own perspectives and based on the tenets of their faith, but they systematized their thinking based on the standards they drew from the fields of Christian dogmatic and ethical dialectics.

(From the author's introduction)