The sensitivity of a microphone indicates how strong the signal it produces is when recording a sound. It is measured in mV/Pa or dBV/Pa.

• High sensitivity: The microphone can capture very low sounds, but it may be more sensitive to ambient noise.
• Low sensitivity: It records louder sound sources without distortion, but requires more amplification from the preamp.

In general, condenser microphones have higher sensitivity than dynamic ones.

Max SPL (Maximum Sound Pressure Level) is the maximum sound pressure level (in dB) that a microphone can withstand before it starts to distort the sound.

• High Max SPL (e.g., 140-160dB): Ideal for recording loud sources such as drums, amplified guitar, or live concerts.
• Lower Max SPL (e.g., 120dB): Suitable for vocals and softer recordings.

The higher the Max SPL, the louder the sounds it can capture without distortion.

Indicates the difference between the useful signal and the microphone's noise. The higher the value in dB, the clearer the sound. A microphone with a low SNR may sound “noisy,” especially in quiet environments or when recording low-volume sounds. On the other hand, a high SNR means that noise is minimal compared to the sound you want to capture, offering a more professional, clear, and detailed result—ideal for studio, vocals, or high-quality recording.

• 35 – 60 dB (Low SNR): Noticeable noise is present. Suitable for casual use or loud sources.
• 60 – 90 dB (Medium SNR): Good signal-to-noise balance. Suitable for live performances and general use.
• 90 – 110 dB (High SNR): Very clear signal with minimal noise. Ideal for studio, vocals, and high-quality recording.