The book "Molecular Genetics of Humans" is the result of the collective effort of a number of distinguished scientists under the direction of Professor Mr. Dedousis Georgios and is aimed at students and graduates of Health Sciences, Biology, Dietetics, and Nutrition departments, with a main focus on the heredity of monogenic and polygenic diseases and the role of nutrition as a means of prevention and management of symptoms. Each chapter is divided into sub-sections, and at the end of the chapter, both solved and unsolved exercises and problems are proposed, allowing the reader to assess the knowledge they have acquired.