This book deals with the protection of wild Birds and Mammals within the framework of environmental studies. It concerns studies that are also known as: Strategic Environmental Impact Studies (SEIS), Environmental Impact Studies (EIS), Special Ecological Assessment Studies (SEAS), Special Environmental Studies (SES), Oversight Studies, etc.

The presentation of the topics includes the context of developing environmental studies. It follows with the description of the key characteristics of the components of the environment and the characteristics of the anatomy and physiology of Birds and Mammals, their behavior, and their relationships with each other and with other biological and abiotic components of the environment (ecological characteristics). Next, it describes the institutional requirements for the collection and processing of necessary information for the formation of the conclusions of these studies. Subsequently, the methodologies and problems of empirical research are described, the techniques for conducting empirical research, the issues that arise during the application of institutional specifications, the problems concerning the protection of Birds and Mammals, and finally the issues of the adequacy of available data.

Particular emphasis is given to the technical capabilities of available means and equipment and their limitations, which make it impossible to meet certain requirements of our legislation (e.g., determining critical habitats for Birds), due to the lack of reliability of some practices that are expected to be implemented, such as the cartographic representation of Bird passages based on visual observations.

The book focuses on highlighting the absence of predetermined goals in the course of evolution. It particularly emphasizes that there are no physical laws or forces that compel the state of the environment (or of animals) to remain as is or to change towards some predetermined outcome. It follows with the indication of the theoretical and practical inability to predict the state of the environment, which tends to arise due to changes caused by evolution. Next, the content of evolution and co-evolution is presented, compared to the requirements of the legal framework of our country and the European Union.

The authors' aspirations are to provide, without ideological biases, suitable information for the collection and processing of data for Birds and Mammals, the reliable scientific processing of related issues, the responsible information of officials in State services and Local Government, but also Justice officials regarding the possibilities and problems of environmental studies and environmental protection in general, as well as to assist in the professional orientation of new colleagues.