This book discusses the years from 500 B.C. to 355 B.C., which constitute one of the most significant periods of ancient Greek history.

For the first time, the Greek city-states united to face a common enemy, the Persians. The victory over the Persians further highlighted the common national characteristics of the Greeks and strengthened their sense of belonging to a shared identity.

The entire "classical period" (480-323 B.C.) was a time during which great politicians, philosophers, architects, artists, and poets flourished, whose work and ideas left a profound impact on world thought and history.

During this period, the city of Athens reached the peak of an unprecedented prosperity, showcasing unique cultural achievements.