The focus of this monograph is the analysis of the jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court regarding complicity. Through a systematic examination of the relevant decisions of the Court, issues surrounding individual criminal responsibility are analyzed. Furthermore, an alternative solution for the criminal assessment of the actions of the main perpetrators of international crimes is proposed, in order to enable the most accurate possible evaluation of the injustice of their behavior, in accordance with the principles of legality and guilt.

The work is structured into five chapters, with the first serving as an extensive introduction that attempts to outline the challenges faced and the tensions that the jurisprudence of the ICC must manage. The second chapter presents the solutions attempted by the drafters of the Statute of the International Military Tribunal of Nuremberg and the jurisprudence of ad hoc international criminal courts on the issue of examining the criminal responsibility arising from an individual’s participation in collective criminal action. The third chapter provides a detailed presentation of the ICC’s jurisprudence regarding the establishment of complicity. The fourth chapter is dedicated to evaluating the positions of the ICC’s jurisprudence on complicity, and in the fifth and final chapter of this monograph, the injustice of the behavior of the main perpetrators is analyzed, which mainly consists of the mobilization and coordination of collective criminal action.

The atrocious crimes that appear to have been committed on the territory of Ukraine in the past year (and not only these) unfortunately demonstrate that the issue addressed in this monograph remains timely, making it a valuable choice for informing every reader.