Pepper is a good source of dietary fiber, folic acid, vitamins A, C, B6, K, and manganese. It also contains lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, and lycopene.

The main component responsible for the spiciness of the fruit is capsaicin.

The benefits of pepper on cardiovascular function also stem from the dietary fiber it contains, which helps reduce total and bad cholesterol and control blood sugar levels.