Network Specifications

Type

4G/5G Router

Type

The devices we encounter are standalone routers, routers with built-in modems, and mobile routers.

A router requires a separate modem and distributes the connection to multiple devices via Wi-Fi or Ethernet, but cannot connect directly to the internet. A modem/router combines a modem and router in one device, connects directly to the internet provider, and distributes the connection to the local network. A mobile router, on the other hand, uses a SIM card and mobile data to create a portable Wi-Fi hotspot, ideal for use outside the home or in areas without a fixed connection.

4G/5G Router

Mobile Router with built-in modem.

A router is a device that connects other devices (e.g. computer, mobile phone, TV) either wirelessly or with a cable, and shares internet access with them.

The internet access is received through the modem which is built-in to these devices and uses the mobile network with a SIM card installed.

A SIM card with an active data plan is required.

Mobile Network

5G

Mobile Network

The fastest generation of mobile network to which a mobile router can connect.

Mobile routers have a SIM card slot for wireless internet access through 3G/4G & 5G mobile networks.

5G offers significantly higher speeds than 4G, which in turn is faster than 3G. For the device to function at this speed, there must be corresponding coverage from the mobile network in the area where we are located.

Maximum Wireless Speed

3600 Mbps

Maximum Wireless Speed

Theoretical maximum speed with a wirelessly connected device primarily used for marketing purposes. The speed of each connected device depends on factors such as distance, obstacles, the number of other devices connected, the number of other networks in the same area, etc.

Portable Hotspot

No

Portable Hotspot

Mobile routers with built-in battery so you can use them anywhere.

These mobile routers have a SIM card slot for wireless internet access through 3G/4G mobile networks.

Wi-Fi Generation

Wi‑Fi 6

Wi-Fi Generation

The Wi-Fi generation is a more user-friendly term for networking standards that affect maximum Wi-Fi speed, distance, sensitivity to obstacles, etc.

Wi‑Fi 6

The most modern Wi-Fi standard that offers speeds up to 40% faster than Wi-Fi 5, coordinates communication with connected devices to consume less battery, and performs better in environments with multiple Wi-Fi devices. Ideal for homes with many smart devices. Compatible with all previous generations.

Network Standards

IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11 b/g/n, IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11ax

Network Standards

The device supports various networking standards that affect the maximum Wi-Fi speed, distance, sensitivity to obstacles, etc. This information is also reflected in the more user-friendly Wi-Fi generation. It is recommended to choose a Wi-Fi 5 (IEEE 802.11ac) or Wi-Fi 6 (IEEE 802.11ax) device.

IEEE 802.11 b/g/n

The older Wi-Fi standard, known as Wi-Fi 4, is significantly slower than Wi-Fi 5 (IEEE 802.11ac) and Wi-Fi 6 (IEEE 802.11ax).

It is recommended for use with few devices and for applications that do not require high speeds. For most users, it would be preferable to choose a Wi-Fi 5 or 6 device according to their needs. Each newer generation is compatible with devices that support a previous one.

IEEE 802.11ac

The most common Wi-Fi standard, known as Wi-Fi 5, is significantly faster than Wi-Fi 4 (IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n).

Wi-Fi 5 can currently meet the needs of most users, but there is now the next generation Wi-Fi 6 (IEEE 802.11ax) which offers the ability to connect many more devices to serve the increasingly smart devices in a home.

Each newer generation is compatible with devices that support some previous one.

IEEE 802.11ax

The most modern Wi-Fi standard, also known as Wi-Fi 6 (IEEE 802.11ax), offers speeds up to 40% faster than Wi-Fi 5, coordinates communication with connected devices to consume less battery, and performs better in environments with multiple Wi-Fi devices. Ideal for homes with many smart devices. Compatible with all previous generations.

Wi-Fi Frequency

Dual Band (2.4 & 5GHz)

Wi-Fi Frequency

The frequencies in which the device can transmit. Most modern routers transmit on two (2.4 & 5GHz) or even three frequencies. Additional frequencies allow for faster speeds on more devices, with the biggest difference observed from one frequency to the other.

Dual Band (2.4 & 5GHz)

They transmit signals on two frequencies. They offer higher speeds compared to singles and connect more devices.

Connectivity

Wireless network

Yes

Wireless network

The device has a wireless network to which we can connect wireless devices that support it. In case it doesn't, the connection can only be made through an ethernet cable.

USB 2.0 connections

1

USB 2.0 connections

The device has a USB 2.0 port, which is an older version of USB with slower data transfer speeds (480Mbit/s) compared to newer versions, but still suitable for typical use (e.g. connecting a printer).

2. Depending on the device, the USB port can also be used to connect other devices so that all other devices connected to the home network can access them.

ISDN Connection

No

SIM slot

Yes

SIM slot

The device has a SIM card slot for internet connection through a mobile network. The SIM card should have an active data plan.

Security

Firewall

-

Firewall

Protection mechanisms available on the device.

The NAT "hides" the addresses of all devices on your local network behind a unique address, while SPI controls data traffic for patterns of known attack types (e.g. DDoS). They can be used simultaneously.

Encryption Protocols

WPA, WPA2, WPS

Encryption Protocols

The security protocols supported by the device for encrypting data transmitted wirelessly and protecting against third-party connections to your network.

The first protocol was WEP, which was replaced by WPA, which in turn evolves into generations with each generation having a corporate and home version. Anything older than WPA2 is not considered secure.

It is recommended that the device support at least WPA2-Personal (PSK) for home use.

WPA

The WPA protocol was a temporary significant improvement over WEP, but still vulnerable and outdated. It has now been replaced by WPA 2.

WPA2

The WPA 2 protocol replaced WPA in 2004 and uses AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) technology, which is approved by the US government for classified documents. It is considered secure for home use.

WPS

WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) offers an easy way to connect new devices to your network (e.g. by pressing a button), but it has been found to be vulnerable to attacks and is recommended to be disabled wherever possible. This security gap is considered a risk mainly for corporate applications as it is very rare for an individual to be targeted.

MAC Address Filtering

No

MAC Address Filtering

MAC (media access control) address filtering is the ability of a device to allow specific devices to connect based on their unique MAC address, while excluding any device with a MAC address that has not been defined as acceptable.

Extras

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

No

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

The device has the ability to set up a VPN (Virtual Private Network) so that traffic from all devices on our network passes through it. 2. The VPN acts as an intermediary between us and the rest of the internet. This way, we can give the impression that we are geographically located in another country and the pages we visit see the VPN address as the visitor's address, not ours. 3. This provides us with anonymity and access to content with geographic restrictions (e.g. some YouTube videos are only available in certain countries, the Netflix catalog is different depending on the country, etc.). 4. VPN services are usually paid for by subscription.

VoIP

No

Mesh

No

Mesh

It is a complete home WiFi system with multiple access points designed to eliminate dead zones and provide seamless WiFi throughout your home with higher speeds and more devices.