Influenced by the abundance of sources and the vividness of the descriptions, many have the impression that we know everything about the daily functioning of Athenian Democracy. I had the same impression from my school years. Only much later did I discover with astonishment how fragmented the information we have is and how many questions remain unanswered. Thus, this book emerged. It does not aspire to offer yet another comprehensive description of Athenian Democracy. It has a much more limited goal: to explore only a few aspects that seem enigmatic when viewed from a broader comparative perspective. One is the silent disappearance of hereditary monarchy. Another is the lack of citizenship even for metics who fulfilled the exact same military obligations as citizens. Was Attica too large for direct democracy? Why was the required quorum of the Assembly of the People set at only 6,000 citizens and only for decisions concerning individual cases? How exactly was the lottery for council members and other officials conducted? The election of generals? Were there political parties? The book aspires to identify and highlight such "enigmas," even if it cannot solve them.