The National Schism, since 1915, was the longest political conflict in modern Greek political history. Many aspects of it, however, remain subjects of discussion.

What kind of conflict was the Schism? Was it a civil war or something else? When did it end? Who prevailed in it? What were its effects on the state institutions? Through what mechanisms did the Schism in practice often negate the basic conditions for the functioning of parliamentary governance? How did the role of the army evolve within its framework?

Was there a "mechanism" for the overthrow of the Greek governments the two times this happened, in 1924 and 1935? What were the consequences of the National Schism not only at a "constitutional" level but also in the life of the average citizen? How did the National Schism affect the political culture of the country, given that it was such an intense and prolonged political dispute?

To what extent did the practices and mentalities of the Schism continue after its end, largely shaping the tone of political confrontation? How did it influence the next major institutional crisis, namely the civil war, both in terms of institutions and mentalities? How was it possible to overcome the Schism? And to what extent do its "aftermath" still appear today, especially in the political culture of the country?

Cover photo: The funeral procession accompanying the coffins of Kings Constantine I, Olga, and Sophia after their transfer to Greece from Italy crosses University Street heading to Tatoi, November 1936. (Photographic Archive of IEIE – National Historical Museum, Athens)