This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of political disobedience from a moral and constitutional perspective. It begins by examining the concept of political disobedience as an extrajudicial term and its ethical dimension. Thinkers such as Thoreau, Wolff, and Locke laid the foundation for the possibility of refusing obedience when the law conflicts with moral conscience or social justice. It then provides a basic historical overview of the phenomenon of political disobedience, highlighting key historical milestones. Following that, it analyzes contemporary examples of political disobedience, both internationally and in Greece. The study further explores the conceptual characteristics of political disobedience, including motivations, aims, and forms of exercise: from peaceful resistance to whistleblowing, scientific or online disobedience, as well as its distinction from other forms of political or criminal violations. Special emphasis is given to the constitutional interpretation of the phenomenon. In this context, the relationship between political disobedience and natural law, the rule of law, and religion is analyzed. The study focuses on differentiating political disobedience from the constitutionally protected right of resistance and other situations and phenomena, such as conscientious objection and activism. The book raises critical questions, such as whether political disobedience has a place in liberal democracies with legal means of dissent. It is highlighted that constitutional freedoms underpin and legitimize the expression of opinions and the pursuit of change, without establishing a "right to disobedience." However, disobedience is not equated with undermining the rule of law but can be understood as a form of active political participation. A new perspective on political disobedience is proposed within the framework of constitutional legality, emphasizing the need for it to become a subject of systematic constitutional consideration. The work concludes with proposals to enhance dialogue, participatory decision-making, and transparency. It presents conclusions emphasizing the necessity of recognizing political disobedience as a socio-legal-political phenomenon with constitutional significance.