The edition titled "The 'National' Division" was completed by Makis Mailis before his serious illness; however, the final editing for publication was necessarily interrupted and it is now being published five years after his death.

The publication analyzes the essence of the "'National' Division," namely the conflicting interests of various sections of the Greek bourgeoisie and the struggle around them, which influenced the choice of international allies, the role of the monarchy, the state, its institutions, the definition of the Great Idea, and more. All this is examined with the constant understanding that all sections of the bourgeoisie share the common goal of elevating their position and securing power.

All of this is analyzed against the backdrop of the development of capitalism in Greece, the reordering following World War I, and the emerging October Revolution. It also depicts the parallel development of the workers’ socialist movement during this period, the dead-end choices regarding alignment with certain sections of the bourgeoisie and imperialist alliances, and ultimately, the steps toward its maturing and class emancipation, culminating in the founding of SEKE.

This publication is an important tool in the struggle against bourgeois ideologies of Greek pathology, the condemnation of class conflicts, national unity, and the commitment to international alliances, as well as in shaping the stance of a Communist Party, especially during periods of imperialist war.