Contemporary research on the origins and development of Christianization in the medieval Czech and Polish kingdoms represents a dialogue between history, archaeology, and cultural anthropology.

Christianization, originally reduced to the adoption of Christianity by princes and their retinues, the establishment of bishoprics and archbishoprics, the founding of monasteries, or the development of church administration, is not understood in this book as a one-time event.

On the contrary, twelve Czech and Polish authors approach Christianization as a long-term and complex process characterized by competition between paganism and Christianity, between superstition and orthodoxy, or as a gradual and often quite distorted reception of Western European models of church life in the medieval principalities and kingdoms of Central and Eastern Europe.