Pessoa was extremely prolific, signing his works with his own name as well as using the names of fictional characters ("heteronyms") that he created, many of whom held extreme views.

Politically, he was anything but an anarchist. As he described himself, he was a conservative of the British type and believed in his own form of nationalism. He supported the coups of 1917 and 1927 as a transition from a period of instability in Portugal to a new constitutional normality. Disappointed by Salazar's dictatorship, he criticized it and faced censorship. Throughout his life, he was involved with mysticism and spiritualism and maintained personal relationships with the notorious Aleister Crowley.

He signed "The Anarchist Banker" with his real name. With ideas that intertwine anarcho-capitalism with the philosophy of anarcho-individualism and Stirner's philosophy (see Max Stirner), "The Anarchist Banker" could range from farce and satire to a way of popularizing a "personal" anarchism, without constituting any clear ideology of anarchy. However, it provides much food for thought. The counterargument to this oxymoron could vindicate Trotsky, who characterized anarchism as "bourgeois liberalism without police."

Pessoa refers to various theories and ideological frameworks, which, however, require a cognitive background to be understood in their entirety. This may possibly challenge the reader.