MPPT: The most advanced and efficient technology, which maximizes the energy harvested from the panels (up to +30% efficiency). Ideal for large residential systems and areas with cloudy weather.
PWM: The simplest and most economical option, which, however, has energy losses as it simply "drops" the panel voltage to match the battery. Ideal exclusively for small needs (e.g. caravans, small holiday homes).
Hybrid: A special controller that can simultaneously manage two different energy sources (usually photovoltaic panels together with a small wind turbine) for charging batteries.