The problem of dividing a straight line segment in extreme and mean ratio, apart from its applications in various geometric constructions, presents an aesthetic peculiarity leading to the formulation of many theories regarding the applications of this division ratio. Naturally, if we overlook any exaggerations, the fact remains that the golden section constitutes the most harmonious division of a straight line segment into two unequal parts, such that one is distinctly larger than the other.

This book is divided into 3 chapters:

- The first chapter contains all that is necessary for the reader to understand the golden section and its basic applications in elementary mathematics.

- The second chapter includes various direct or indirect references or testimonies from Ancient Greek mathematicians and authors regarding the golden section. Specifically, the sections distinguished are: a) The golden section in the Pythagorean School. b) The golden section in Euclid's 'Elements'. c) The golden section in works of Greek mathematicians of the classical period and d) The golden section in works of Greek mathematicians of the Alexandrian period and the period of the Commentators. The various references and direct or indirect testimonies are presented with the ancient text and its translation into Modern Greek. It was deemed appropriate, in addition to presenting theorems based on the golden section, to mention those points in the proofs where the golden section is referenced.

- The third chapter discusses the applications of the golden section in architecture, sculpture, and the distances (of cities and temples) in Ancient Greece. Warm thanks are expressed to the mathematician-author Roula Spantadou and the economists Niki Spantadou and Despina Travlou for their assistance in the realization of this publication.

[Excerpt from the introduction text of the publication]