The "Mathematical Syntax" of Ptolemy consists, as is well known, of 13 books. This volume contains the first three. The remaining 10 books will be published in three additional volumes.

This work contains, as is well known, "Ptolemaic astronomy," that is, almost all of the astronomy of the Ancient Greeks up to the time of Ptolemy, along with, of course, the personal observations and research of the great astronomer.

However, we must emphasize that studying the "Mathematical Syntax" leads our thoughts to the intellectual and scientific level of those to whom it is addressed. For the scientific stature of the work, its mathematical structure, and its profound and dense concepts lead to the conclusion that its recipients were of a similar level.

The rendition in Modern Greek and the commentary on the "Greatest" encountered many difficulties due to the numerous peculiarities of the work. The ancient Greek text (with new electronic typesetting and related restoration) has been taken from the editions of M. Halma (Paris 1813) and J. Heiberg (Lipsiae 1898).

This volume is divided into three chapters. The first chapter contains information about Ptolemy and his work. The second contains the ancient Greek text, and the third contains the rendition in Modern Greek with the necessary clarifications and comments.

We consider it essential to clarify that our intention is to present for the first time in modern Greece this work of Ptolemy with the ancient Greek text and its rendition in Modern Greek, as well as the necessary astronomical and mathematical commentary. Therefore, any philosophical and astronomical extensions that can be given to the texts of the "Mathematical Syntax" do not fall within the scope of this book.