This book presents a historical and synchronic overview of the pedagogical science, focusing on its theoretical and research approaches.

Specifically, it deals with key terms and concepts as well as the evolution of pedagogical science through texts and sources from its history, particularly emphasizing the need for a critical pedagogy.

It also refers to milestones in pedagogical thought and practice, the relationship of pedagogical science with other sciences (through collaboration with researchers in the field), as well as the methods and methodological approaches used.

Particular emphasis is placed on pedagogical innovations and the contemporary, significant issues and themes of pedagogical science today (e.g., in the education and training of teachers, the role of the modern educator, multiculturalism, the attitude towards the "other," the role of humanistic/person-centered education, citizen education, etc.).

Furthermore, this study refers to alternative forms of teaching and education by presenting cases and examples and concludes with a discussion around crisis and education, featuring texts from international scholars.

The book concludes with a proposal-model for the pedagogy of the 21st century, based on a modern approach to pedagogical theories and practices aimed at the education of the individual and a human-centered view of knowledge and pedagogical science.