The final assessment of the cost in blood for the years 1946-1949 can only be approximate due to the difficulty of accurately determining, on one hand, the losses of the paramilitary bodies from the government side and, on the other hand, the losses of the Democratic Army, particularly during times of defeat.

From what is known and accessible, we can make some initial estimates. The total losses of the National Army reached 44,000 officers and soldiers (14,000 dead). In the Democratic Army, the dead, according to estimates, amounted to approximately 25,000.

As for the casualties among the paramilitary mechanisms and civilians, there are significant differences in estimates, with the common characteristic that they refer to real bloodbaths. In comparison, the Asia Minor Campaign (1919-1922) cost the Greek army 37,000 dead or missing. The more "mild" war of 1940-1941 (the Greco-Italian and Greco-German wars) cost 15,000 dead and missing, and the Balkan Wars "only" 8,000 dead.

If we consider that in the case of the civil war, the casualties from both sides come from the same Greek society, then we are obviously facing the largest military bloodshed that the country has witnessed since its independence in 1830 to the present day.

It is evident that we are confronted with a very harsh military confrontation. A war of an even totalitarian character, that is, one that does not involve only the armies and the armed but the whole society. More than a million people, civilians, were displaced and turned into refugees during this war.

What more could happen in a war?