The Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951) is rightly considered the greatest philosopher of the 20th century, both for the originality of his thought and for his subversive writing style.

An emblematic work of his philosophical approach is the Philosophical Investigations, a work published after his death by the executors of his intellectual will, divided into two extensive parts. Covering topics such as logic and language, psychology and intention, the mind and sensory perception, it paved the way for the formation of the Anglophone philosophical tradition of analytical philosophy and the philosophy of language, with a strong and tangible influence that remains crucial and significant even today, nearly three-quarters of a century later.

The Greek translation of the Philosophical Investigations first appeared in 1977. Since then, almost half a century has passed, and its contribution to the study of the philosopher's work has progressively diminished, either due to omissions and misinterpretations or because of a lack of access to Wittgenstein's notes and manuscripts, where the obscure points of the Philosophical Investigations were often clarified.

The present translation can be considered the definitive, complete, and thoroughly corrected rendition of this significant work in our language. Taking into account the fourth, revised edition of the Philosophical Investigations from 2009, by P. M. S. Hacker & Joachim Schulte, who restructured the second part of the work to facilitate the reader's understanding, the Philosophical Investigations can now be read without the hindrances encountered in the first attempt to translate an important philosophical work.

Equipped with new, exhaustive indexes and supplemented with explanatory endnotes written by two experienced translators and commentators, the Philosophical Investigations are for the first time accessible in our country in their entirety, without misinterpretations or arbitrariness, incorporating all the necessary changes and the hundreds of corrections that have been made to the work over the past decades.