"The Athenian Constitution" is the most important source we have for ancient democracy. The historical chapters of the text describe the path that led Athens to this achievement, while its second, systematic part concerns the recording of its institutions, giving the modern reader a sense of the pioneering organization that characterizes the city's public administration during the classical era. Information about the organization of the population in the municipalities, the process of electing various officials, and the content of their responsibilities, the establishment and sessions of the popular courts, as well as many other issues that were regulated in a specific way by the state.
Equally important, however, is the value of the text for understanding Aristotle's research method. The treatise is part of the ambitious program of recording 158 constitutions that he himself compiled in collaboration with his students (and is the only extensive surviving sample of it), applying basic categories of his political thought, such as the theory of constitutions or the relationship of the constitution to the identity of the ruling body.

The modern Greek translation of the ancient text, the introduction, and the overall editing of the volume are by Chloe Balla, associate professor at the University of Crete. Particularly useful for following the historical framework are the introductory comments prepared, especially for this edition, by Robert W. Wallace, professor of classical studies at Northwestern University in the United States, who also wrote the book's preface.